The universal GP Training website for everyone, not just Bradford.   Created in 2002 by Dr Ramesh Mehay

Quality Improvement

including quality improvement tools for Quality Improvement Activity & Quality Improvement Projects

QI Activities

QI Tools (to be developed)

What is Quality Improvement?

Quality Improvement (QI) is an evidence-based approach that helps primary care free up time to deliver and evaluate initiatives, and embed new approaches more effectively and efficiently into practice. QI helps us to make the most of our systems, organisations, talents and expertise to deliver better outcomes for patients.   

Why Quality Improvement? We're already overstretched?

Up until recently, quality improvement in General Practice has been hard work.  Doing big projects and big clinical audits on top of QoF, LES’s, DES’s, Appraisal, GP Training and so on, has made it feel overwhelming and quite frankly HARD WORK!!!   This is because for far too long, the NHS has been too concerned with QUALITY ASSURANCE rather than QUALITY IMPROVEMENT.   Quality Assurance is proving to others that we’re doing a good enough job – and that’s why it feels horrible – we’re proving to others that we are meeting criteria and there’s not much in it for us!   And it’s far too focused on meeting a set of standards defined by someone else rather than just trying to move to a better place than we currently are.   Quality Improvement is more focused on this movement to a better place.  It’s about accepting that we’re not always great, not beating ourselves up about it but actually working towards this better place.  And unlike Quality Assurance, it is a process that doesn’t just happen every now and then, but something that happens in small incremental steps continuously.   As a result, it feels far less overwhelming, far more achievable, far more likely to improve the quality of care we provide as time goes by and far ultimately far more satisfying. 

Isn’t that what you’d like to be a part of?

If you’re still feeling a tad overwhelmed at this stage, it’s probably because all you have ever know is the Quality Assurance model and all the bits and bobs that go with it that cause us all headache.    So, these Bradford VTS pages and the RCGP’s QI Ready Online Toolkit (see below) are provided to help you understand the Knowledge, the Skills and the Attitudes necessary for Quality Improvement.   And when you have that under your belt, you will feel well-equipped to engage!  And if we train GP trainees up for it during their training, then it will them in a positive position to want to continue to engage when they qualify.   Well – we hope so!

What's the difference between Quality Improvement Activity (QIA) and Quality Improvement Project (QIP)?

According to RCGP rules, trainees have to show QIA every year.   And in the first ST1 year they have to do a Quality Improvement Project and in the last ST3 year, they have to do a Leadership project.    Get’s quite confusing doesn’t it and I can understand why.   One would think that nearly all clinically orientated projects would automatically be demonstrations of Quality Improvement Activity – and indeed they are.   So, what is the difference, and why does the college want you to do QIA every year on top of a project in the ST1 and ST3 years?  Well, this is what I think…

  • Projects are all about the organisation in which you work.    Things like, how can we improve say the BP of our hypertensive patients.  How good is the practice at following the guidelines?  How good are we at monitoring Lithium?  And so on.   It’s all about improving the organisation as a whole.   And the projects are relatively “meaty” things to do, like an audit, new service, refining a service and so on.  Projects can take weeks or months to do.
  • Quality Improvement Activity is not meaty; instead, they are quick and light things one can do to improve quality.  They also can be focused on both the INDIVIDUAL SELF or the PRACTICE AS AN ORGANISATION.   Quick and light things like… examining one’s referrals (and appropriateness), examining one’s ordering of investigations, reviewing one’s prescribing and so on.  They might even be small PDSA cycle type things.   Very quick and easy to do.  Focusing on the self or the organisation.  QIA can take just a few hours or a day or two to do.
Both result in QUALITY IMPROVEMENT.  But QIA things are easier to do.  So the college is trying to promote a culture of where GPs in the UK are engaged with the notion of continuous and progressive development rather than just resting on our laurels and assuming we are okay.   In the past, people got bogged down with projects and so the good thing about QIA is that they don’t exhaust you.   They are quick and light and pretty easy to do, but most importantly, they change you.

EXAMPLES OF QUICK QIA THINGS YOU CAN DO

  • Prescribing review of the last 60 prescriptions
  • Review of the last 30 referral letters
  • Review of investigations ordered in the last 2 weeks
  • Review of the “medical notes write up” of the last 5 surgeries
  • Review of  your management of hypertension – reviewing notes of last 10 hypertensive patient
  • Review of your management of diabetes – reviewing notes of last 10 diabetic patients

 

 

The 3 fundamental questions for Quality Improvement

1. What are we trying to achieve?

Understand the problem. Know what you are trying to achieve. Have clear and desirable aims and objectives

2. How will we know that a change is an improvement?

Measure processes and outcomes

3. What changes can we make that will result in an improvement?

What have others done? What hunches do we have? What can we learn as we go along and how?

= USE PLANNING & PREPARATION TOOLS

There are tools that will help you define your question, aims and objectives clearly.

= USE QI TOOLS & ACTIVITIES

There's lots of tools to help you measure processes and outcomes.

= EVALUATE, PRESENT & IMPLEMENT TOOLS

Then there are tools to help you evaluate, present your data, & even help implement actions.

The QI Wheel

I love this diagram of the QI Wheel (found the on the RCGP’s QI Ready Online Toolkit).  Why?

  1. Because it illustrates all the components of good QI work.
  2. And then it brings all of it together as a cohesive whole
  3. And it’s based on evidence.

To go into more detail…. it’s not just about doing lots of PDSAs, Significant Events or mini-audits!  None of that works if…

  • You don’t belong to a working organisation whose has a good learning culture in place.
  • You don’t involve or listen to patients when they complain something is not delivering good quality of care.
  • You don’t engage the other stakeholders in a meaningful way (i.e. for example, if you force someone to do a task because your their boss, you are likely to get less quality results than someone who is as near passionate about it as you are). 
  • You don’t base it on what the evidence and research says that makes a difference.  If you just do stuff by trial and error, you get hit and miss results (more miss actually).  

The RCGP's Amazing QI Ready Online Toolkit

This is an amazing online tool developed by RCGP to help make implementing and engaging quality improvement activities that are meaningful and contextual.    Sign up to their website to access things like

  1. Knowledge bites: to help you understand more about Quality Improvement, including some e-modules
  2. Resources and tools: to help you with your quality improvement in practice
  3. Case studies: which you can duplicate, thus preventing you from ‘re-inventing the wheel’
  4. A network to link with others to help you and give advice.  

All of this should help you engage in Quality Improvement in a way that is

  • easy to do and not overwhelming
  • making it an enjoyable activity to get involved in
  • and making a difference to the way you and others currently deliver health care.

 

The RCGP’s QI Ready Toolkit: 
You’ve nothing to lose and everything to gain.
Designed for GP’s, GP Trainers and GP Trainees.   

Access it here: 

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How IT ALL STARTED
WHAT WE'RE ABOUT
WHO ARE WE FOR?

Bradford VTS was created by Dr. Ramesh Mehay, a Programme Director for Bradford GP Training Scheme back in 2001. Over the years, it has seen many permutations.  At the time, there were very few resources for GP trainees and their trainers so Bradford decided to create one FOR EVERYONE. 

So, we see Bradford VTS as  the INDEPENDENT vocational training scheme website providing a wealth of free medical resources for GP trainees, their trainers and TPDs everywhere and anywhere.  We also welcome other health professionals – as we know the site is used by both those qualified and in training – such as Associate Physicians, ANPs, Medical & Nursing Students. 

Our fundamental belief is to openly and freely share knowledge to help learn and develop with each other.  Feel free to use the information – as long as it is not for a commercial purpose.   

We have a wealth of downloadable resources and we also welcome copyright-free educational material from all our users to help build our rich resource (send to bradfordvts@gmail.com).

Our sections on (medical) COMMUNICATION SKILLS and (medical) TEACHING & LEARNING are perhaps the best and most comprehensive on the world wide web (see white-on-black menu header section on the homepage).

4th February 2024 

WHAT's HAPPENING?

Here are some updates planned over the next 6 months

  1. Updating the SCA exam pages with cases and videos.
  2. Clinical Specialty areas all being updated with current guidance and easy to understand diagrams and flow charts.
  3. Videos being created for some of the pages for those of you who prefer to watch than read.
  4. We’ve got some bradfordvts helpers to contribute and develop their own pages or areas of interest.  If you would like to be a bradfordvts helper, email me rameshmehay@googlemail.com
  5. We provide all of this for free. But it costs us money to run.  If you could kindly donate something, that would be great.  We do all of this for you.   Please hit the button below. xxx